Each of us can catch the mushrooms.It is an infectious disease that is transmitted from a patient to a healthy person and affects, as a rule, nails and skin.If the nail plate has changed, it began to crumble, change color - meaning the infection has occurred, and onycomycosis has developed.They suffer from 20% of the adult soil population.
Causes
Most people are unaware of what onycomycosis is, and how dangerous it is.Pathogenic microorganisms, penetrating the nail structure, change it.In addition to the aesthetic problem, the fungus can poison the whole body as a whole toxin.This leads to allergic reactions, a decrease in the body's protective functions, diseases of the internal organs.
You can become infected with nail fungus only in favorable conditions.Normally, the skin has an acidic environment that prevents the penetration of various infections.If its pH for some reason has changed to alkaline, then the reproduction and growth of pathogenic organisms increases significantly.
The wet environment also contributes to the development of the infection.A person can be infected with inconsistencies with personal hygiene or simple rules of conduct in the common areas.The dead scales of the patient's skin or nail are a source of infection.The causes of nail fungus can be as follows:
- Visiting beaches, saunas, baths, water parks, showers, pools, fitness centers, there is a risk of infection.Passing barefoot on a damp surface and having cracks or wounds in the leg, the probability of "taking" the fungus in the leg is very large.
- Incorrectly selected shoes, tight, synthetic socks, tights increase foot sweating, which leads to a change in the acid-base balance of the skin.Its protective functions are reduced, and this can lead to the appearance and spread of fungi.
- Weakened immunity, prolonged use of antibiotics, corticosteroids, antibacterial therapy contributes to onycomycosis infection.
- Diabetes mellitus in older people is a common cause of the disease.
- In contact with the infected shoe with a fungus, socks with a towel, a washing cloth, a group of manicure and other personal accessories of the patient, the infection occurs in 90% of cases.
At first, the infection affects a small area of the nail, as a rule, this is an edge area.Then the inflammatory process grows and spreads to other areas or penetrates deeper into the nail plate.The sooner the nail fungus is found, the easier it is to cure it.Therefore, at the first signs, treatment should begin immediately.
How the disease manifests
Not only a specialist, but also a patient can determine onycomycosis in a person.The main features of nail fungus are as follows:
- The nail plate changes color, from a light yellow shade to black.Coloring depends on the type of fungus infected nails;
- There is a transformation of the shape and circuit of the nail plate;
- Nails of nails, exfoliates, thickens, natural glow disappears;
- Bad smell, unpleasant sensations, painful at the fingertips, near the nail plate.
It is important to determine the disease in time in order to avoid further spread to the skin of the legs and other parts of the fingers.The doctor will be able to accurately assess the degree of fungal damage and prescribe the appropriate treatment.
Distinguish 3 stages of mushrooms:
- Clear signs, such as a change in shape, thickening of the layer layer, a crack is missing.Determining the disease during this period is very difficult.But the appearance of barely visible points on the surface of the nail plate, a slight change in the shade of the layer layer can warn the look of barely visible points.
- There are distinct signs of nail fungus.The color of the nail surface varies, from pink, to a yellow or brown tinge, natural glow and softness disappears.The lateral edges of the nails are thickened, crumbled and deformed.
- It is considered a neglected form in which the infection catches the whole cornea.It thickens, there is an increase in keratinocytes, and fragility increases.To cut such a nail is very problematic, its edges are bent inside and grow on the skin of the fingers, giving the patient pain when walking.
Complications after stage 3 are characterized by peeratinocytes that exfoliate from seedling.This condition is associated with severe pain and unpleasant odor.The nail fungal incubation period is 3 weeks, after which you can already diagnose the disease and start antifungal therapy.
Types of nail fungus
With onycomycosis, several types of fungi are diagnosed.
- Dermatophytes, as a rule, appear in the new form of nail platinum.Yellow spots are formed at the edges or in the center.Over time, the yellow edge is removed from the layered bed.Sometimes longitudinal lines are observed along the damaged area.
- Yeast mushrooms change the structure of the nail, deforming it.The nail plate becomes uneven, wave, grooves appear, occasionally the color of the nail gains a yellow tinge and can be left behind.At the same time, the nail rolls can be caught and thickened.
- A mold fungus is detected in people with weakened immunity, with long -term drug therapy.It is manifested by a change in the palette of nail colors.At first it is yellow, then the shade changes, and can be like green, bluish and even become black.In this case, the treatment is shorter and lasts 1-1.5 months, as the mold does not penetrate deep into the nail plate, but remains only on the surface.
Effective methods of combating infection
How to get rid of nail fungus quickly and permanently, many patients worry.Treatment of onycomycosis in the early stages does not last long.You can afford it using local antifungal agents.They spread deep into the bold layer and suppress the growth and reproduction of pathogenic fungi.Such treatment will be effective if a small area of the nail plate is injured, no more than 1/3.
A positive healing property is fitted with spray from nail fungus.They have a liquid structure, easily applied and penetrate small cracks in the nail.When applying, the spray is absorbed immediately and dries, forming a strong film.It prevents the penetration of oxygen into the nail, due to which the growth and reproduction of the fungus stops.
Should be applied once a day.Removing the spray from the surface of the nail plate is problematic, which allows you to effectively influence the infection.
You can also use antifungal medicines, creams and ointments.They have greater efficiency than varnishes, and are used in identifying 2 stages of the disease.Before applying the cream, you must remove the damaged surface of the nail plate.
The cream or oil is used twice a day, and cover the affected area with a small amount.To achieve the maximum effect after applying the cream, it is necessary to seal the infected area with a patch.
The methods of treatment of onychomycosis depend on the degree of neglect and the identified form.It passes only under the supervision of a doctor, as all medicines from a fungus infection have high toxicity.The specialist examines the patient and takes a small piece of nail for laboratory examination to set the type of fungus.In the case when the disease catches the entire platinum of nails and fungi progress for more than a year - a comprehensive treatment has been prescribed, which includes local and inner use of medication.
The use of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of fungal infection gives a positive result.Such medicines, combined with ointments, deprive the fungus from the ability to germinate deep in the nail and stop the growth of colonies.This type of treatment is long and lasts about a year.
Medicine is not yet, effective methods in the fight against fungal disease are developing and implemented constantly.In 2010, new methods in the treatment of onycomycosis emerged.Photodynamic processing of fungal -infected nail plates, and laser treatment in a separate "nail" laser in combination with antimicrobial give a positive effective effect and reduce the terms of treatment.
The particularity of laser therapy lies in the effect of a fungus with a temperature of up to 70 degrees, in which fungal spores die, and the source of the disease is mycelium.
In the treatment of a laser, healthy skin around the nail is not affected, it acts exclusively on fungal organisms that die for several sessions.
Traditional medicine in the treatment of fungi
You can try to cope with the disease at home.Treatment should begin with soap baths that soften the nail plate.It should be cleaned by a keratinized layer of a manicure file.Such a bath and cleaning should be performed once a week, within 6 months.The affected area should be treated with tea tree oil.To improve therapeutic exposure, you can see the nail plate infected with an adhesive plate, as you have previously placed a buffer on it, saturated in equal proportions, lavender oils and tea.
Popular methods in the treatment of nail fungus are varied and most often provide a positive and rapid result, provided the disease is in the initial stage.Among the most effective can be highlighted:
- Processing of the affected areas of hydrogen peroxide.Wipe well steamed nails with a cotton swab with a cotton swab with a cotton swab 2-3 times a day.After a few days, the nail plate will become much softer and can be trimmed into manicure scissors.
- The use of celandine in folk medicine has proven its effectiveness in treating skin diseases as well as with a fungus infection of various etiologies.Yodinol is added to the chopped dry celandine (purchased at a pharmacy).These two ingredients are completely on the soil and the resulting mixture is applied to the affected area.The nail is wrapped in plastic film and left all night.To cure 1-2 stages of the fungus, it is enough to perform 3-5 such procedures.
- Propolis is considered an effective medicine for fungi.20% tincture with propolis purchased at a pharmacy is applied to a injured area in the form of a compression.A wet cotton swab with a therapeutic agent is applied to the nail plate and closed with a patch.Over time, the affected nail will shift a healthy one.
- Golden mustache is an amazing plant that helps with various diseases.In the treatment of fungi, it is necessary to attach a softened leaf of the plant to the steamed nail, and leave it under the film for the night.In the morning, the softened part should be interrupted as much as possible, under the root.It is necessary to apply the golden mustache only to the nail plate area, without affecting the surrounding skin to avoid burning.Soon the nail will heal and be healthy and durable.
- If your nails hit your hands, you can get rid of it with the help of tar soap.It is necessary to wash your hands completely with it, paying special attention to the affected places.Then you need to lower the nails to a very concentrated salt solution and bandage them all night.A positive effect will come a week later.
Treating nail fungus is a very long process.Regardless of which therapy is chosen, you should be patient and regularly use the medicines prescribed by the doctor.And it should also not be forgotten about preventive measures to prevent infection again.
How to treat nail fungus is chosen only by the doctor with a thorough examination of the patient and after the results of the laboratory test.To avoid re -infection with a fungus, it is necessary to use medicines for preventive purposes.Follow the condition of the nails and skin, when identifying the first signs of the disease, contact a specialist immediately.Remember that in the early stages the fungus is treated quickly and efficiently.